Direct speech adalah kata-kata (kalimat)
yang diucapkan langsung dari pembicara. Kalimat tersebut tidak diubah atau
ditambah.
Indirect speech adalah kata-kata(kalimat)
direct speech yang diceritakan kembali dengan cara lain, tetapi tidak mengubah
dengan tidak mengulangi lagi pembicaraan.
PENJELASAN
Untuk lebih
memahami perbedaan antara direct speeh dengan indirect speech dapat dilihat
dari contoh dibawah ini :
• He said :
“ I am very hungry” (Direct speech)
• He said
that he was very hungry (Indirect speech)
Catatan :
Dari contoh
diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan antara direct speech dan indirect
speech adalah bahwa dalam direct speech atau kalimat langsung memakai tanda
kutip sedangkan dalam indirect speech atau kalimat tidak langsung tanda kutip
tidak dipakai.
Direct dan
Indirect speech dapat dibagi dalam 3 bagian :
1. Command
(Perintah)
2. Statement
(Pernyataan)
3. Question
(Pertanyaan)
Penjelasan
1. COMMAND
Command
terdiri dari 2 jenis :
Positive
Command dan Negative Command
Positive
Command
Dalam pola
ini kalimat pengantar dinyatakan dengan kata kerja : tell, ask, advise, etc.
Diikuti oleh to infinitive.
Kalimat
pengantar :
He asked me
to
He told me
to + reporter words
He ordered
to
contoh-contoh
positive command :
Direct : The
teacher said to me : “open your book”
Indirect :
The teacher asked me to open my book
Direct : The
doctor said to me : ”stay in bed for a few days”
Indirect :
The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days
Direct :
They ordered him : “wait until we turn”
Indirect :
They ordered him to wait until they turn
Negative
Command
Kalimat
pengantar :
He asked me
He told me
not to + reporter words
He ordered
me
Contoh-contoh
negative command :
• Direct :
Father asked me : “ Don’t go out”
Indirect :
Father asked me no to go out
• Direct :
He said to me :’’Don’t make the same mistake again”
Indirect :
He told me not to make the same mistake again
• Direct :
She ordered anna :”Please don’t make me confused”
Indirect :
She ordered anna not to make her confused
2. STATEMENT
Dalam
indirect statement, “that” digunakan sebagai penghubung antar kalimat pengantar
dan kata-kata yang dilaporkan (reported speech)
Kalimat
pengantar dalam statement :
He said+that+reported
words
He told me
Contoh-contoh
:
• Direct :
He said, “Adi is ill”
Indirect :
He said that adi was ill
• Direct :
She told me, “I am studying English now”
Indirect :
she told me that she was studying English now
• Direct :
Rina said, “he will work hard”
Indirect :
Rina said that he would work hard
• Direct :
He told me, “ I have written a letter”
Indirect :
He told me that I had written a letter
1. 3. QUESTION
Bila
pertanyaan langsung dalam bentuk YES dan NO answer maka IF atau WHETHER sebagai
pendukung antara introductory phrase dan reported words.
Kalimat
pengantar untuk pola ialah :
He asked me
IF/WHETHER………
Contoh-contoh
:
Direct : we
asked the man “Do you like coffe?”
Indirect :
we asked the man if/whether he liked coffe
Direct :
seisy asked Helen : “have you seen that film?”
Indirect :
seisy asked Helen if/whether she had seen that film
Direct : we
asked him :”will you be doing anything by this time tomorrow?”
Indirect :
we asked him if/whether he would be doing anything by this time tomorrow
Auxiliaries
Direct : the
man asked me :’’can you speak English?
Indirect :
the man asked me if/whether I could speak English
Bila
pertanyaan menggunakan kata-kata Tanya seperti : where, when, what, why,
who,whose,how,etc. maka kata-kata tersebut berfungsi sebagai penghubung antara
introductory pharse dan reported words, dengan pola sbb:
He asked me
+ Question Words+reported words (positive)
Contoh-contoh
:
Direct : we
asked the man :’where do you live?”
Indirect :
we asked the man where he lived
Direct : we
asked him :’’ where were you going by 5 p.m yesterday?”
Indirect :
we asked him where he had been going by 5 p.m yesterday